Acupuncture for Placenta Previa

(children's Health Defence, 2022)

Placenta previa occurs when the placenta implants too low in the uterus, either partially (also known as low-lying placenta or LLP) or completely covering the cervix. It is typically identified during the 20-week morphology scan.  It can lead to vaginal bleeding, ranging from light to heavy, during pregnancy. This condition often necessitates a Cesarean section for delivery unless it resolves on its own.

While placenta previa is not common, affecting approximately 0.3% to 0.5% of pregnancies, it's worth noting that its incidence increased by 26% between 2001 and 2009. 

Risk Factors

Known risk factors account for two-thirds of this increase, with the remaining portion potentially attributed to unidentified factors.Key risk factors for placenta previa include advanced maternal age (over 35), a history of previous cesarean deliveries or other uterine surgeries, prior placenta previa, multiple gestations (e.g., twins, triplets), previous abortions or stillbirths, smoking, cocaine use, and IVF pregnancies. Additionally, uterine abnormalities, such as fibroids, can elevate the risk by impacting placental implantation.

Bleeding

If the placenta partially covers the cervix, some women may experience bleeding, though many will not. However, if the placenta completely covers the cervix, approximately 80% of women may experience some bleeding during their pregnancy. This bleeding may occur once or multiple times. Typically, the initial bleeds are light and may become heavier as the pregnancy progresses, although the first bleed can sometimes be heavy. Bleeding associated with placenta previa is generally painless. If you experience any pain, it could indicate the onset of labor or other developing complications. It is very important to seek urgent medical attention.  In the event of any vaginal bleeding, an ultrasound will typically be performed.

Managing Anxiety and Stress

It's completely understandable to experience anxiety and stress in such situations, given the potential for complications such as severe bleeding or the need for an emergency C-section. Staying informed, connecting with others, planning for emergencies, and prioritizing rest are all effective strategies that can help reduce anxiety.

It's also important to note that nearly 90% of placentas initially identified as "low-lying" will resolve on their own by the third trimester. Your condition will be monitored closely by your midwife and obstetrician. 

Monitoring and Medical Management

Upon diagnosis, your medical team will implement a clear monitoring and management plan. This usually involves more frequent ultrasounds to track the placenta's position. Depending on the placenta's location and your symptoms, you will receive advice on activities to avoid. In cases of bleeding, hospital admission for close observation may be necessary, and your blood will be regularly checked for anaemia. Your obstetrician and midwife will work with you to develop the most appropriate birth plan.

Acupuncture Support for Placenta Previa

I understand that receiving a diagnosis of placenta previa, especially after experiencing vaginal bleeding, can be a very stressful and concerning time. The possibility of further bleeding or spotting can be distressing, and it's important to address the emotional impact this can have. Research suggests that the developing foetus is highly sensitive to maternal stress, which can potentially affect your baby's health and may even increase the risk of complications such as placental abruptions.

Therefore, my primary aim in supporting women with placenta previa is to focus on emotional well-being. Through empathetic listening and tailored acupuncture treatments, I aim to help calm your mind, reduce anxiety, and foster a sense of peace during your pregnancy. 

The Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)

In TCM, this condition is often understood as a progression of "Spleen" Yang energy deficiency, which can lead to the sinking or prolapse of organs. The "Spleen" Yang energy is associated with qualities of lifting, warmth, and dynamism, contrasting with states of fatigue, depletion, and diminished vitality. This diagnostic pattern in TCM frequently correlates with conditions such as hemorrhoids, frequent urination, and uterine or other organ prolapse.

In TCM, the "Spleen" plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including the digestive process—which is essential for energy and blood production—immunity, and overall women's health. Consequently, strengthening the "Spleen" is a common therapeutic focus for many women's health conditions, as well as for fertility and pregnancy support.

TCM Advice

Following your obstetrician and midwife's guidelines is paramount. From a TCM perspective, we often focus on strengthening the "Spleen." In TCM, the Spleen is believed to be negatively affected by foods that are too cold, too raw, or excessively sweet and eating habits such as eating too fast, overeating, eating while emotionally upset or in an unpleasant mealtime environment . Therefore, dietary support is an important component of our clinical approach.

Additionally, the Spleen can be weakened by overwork, fatigue, and chronic stress. This is why we emphasize the importance of managing stress, workload, and fatigue levels throughout your pregnancy. 

About the Author

Youngmi Choi

Ripple Acupuncture | Charlestown | Newcastle

As an AHPRA-registered acupuncturist with 15 years of nursing experience, I offer safe, effective, and holistic care. My special interests include women’s health & fertility, pain management, psycho-emotional well-being, and digestive balance. My approach is outcome-focused, and clients receive a clear care plan with personalized lifestyle advice.

If you have any questions about your pregnancy conditions, please make an online booking, submit an online enquiry or call me on 0402 474 884. 

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Reference

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